Socio – Religious Movements in 19th – 20th Centuries
In the socio-religious reform movements of the 19th century, Raja Rammohan Roy's Brahmo Samaj, Dayanand Saraswati's Arya Samaj, Vivekananda's Ramakrishna Mission, and Syed Ahmed Khan's Aligarh Movement inspired national awakening and helped lay the foundation for India's modern, rational, and reformist outlook.
Modern India
Chapter – III
Socio – Religious Movements in 19th – 20th Centuries
1. The Arya Samaj was founded by —
Ans: Swami Dayananda Saraswati. [SSC Sec. Off. (Aud.), 2004]
2. Who was the founder of Aligarh Movement?
Ans: Sir Syed Ahmed Khan. [SSC Mat., 2008; NDA, 2000]
3. Who set up the Atmiya Sabha in Calcutta in the first half of the nineteenth century?
Ans: Ram Mohan Roy. [NDA, 2002; JPSC, 2003]
4. Who founded the Brahmo Samaj?
Ans: Raja Ram Mohan Roy. [Utt. PSC (P), 2005; MTS SSC, 2016]
5. Who was the founder of the Servants of India Society?
Ans: Gopal Krishna Gokhale. [NDA, 2005]
6. Who founded the Theosophical Society in India in 1879?
Ans: Madam Blavatsky and H. S. Olcott. [CDS, 2003, 2006]
7. After the death of Raja Ram Mohan Roy, the Brahmo Samaj split into two sections — the Brahmo Samaj of India and the Adi Brahmo Samaj. Who were the leaders of the two sections respectively?
Ans: Keshab Chandra Sen and Debendranath Tagore.
8. Who was the founder of the Radha Swami Satsang?
Ans: Shiva Dayal Sahab. [UP PCS (P), 2005]
9. Who was the founder of Ramakrishna Mission?
Ans: Swami Vivekananda. [UP PCS (M), 2004]
10. The Scientific Society was founded by —
Ans: Sir Syed Ahmed Khan. [UP PCS (P), 2003]
11. Who was the founder of Dev Samaj?
Ans: Shiva Narayan Agnihotri. [UP PCS (P), 2003]
12. Who was the founder of Prarthana Samaj?
Ans: Atmaram Pandurang. [WBPSC, 2004; CDS, 2006]
13. The Academic Association was founded by —
Ans: Henry Vivian Derozio
14.The Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College of Aligarh was founded by —
Ans: Sir Syed Ahmed Khan. [SSC Sec. Off (Aud), 2006; WBPSC (P), 2007]
15. Who founded the Bethune College in Calcutta
Ans: Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar. [UGC NET/JRF (Hist), 2002]
16. Who founded the Fort William College at Calcutta?
Ans: Lord Wellesley. [NDA, 2006]
17. Where was the first Madrassa set up by the British in India?
Ans: Calcutta. [UP PCS (M), 2006]
18. During the period of the Indian freedom struggle, who among the following started the Central Hindu School?
Ans: Annie Besant. [CDS, 2006]
19. When was the All India Women’s Conference founded?
Ans: 1927. [SSC Sec. Off (Aud), 2008]
20. Memorable events with their years are written below —
Ans:
|
Year |
Events |
|
1764 |
Battle of Buxar |
|
1829 |
Abolition of Sati |
|
1854 |
Wood’s Despatch |
|
1856 |
Widow Remarriage Act |
21. Raja Ram Mohan Roy established Brahmo Samaj in —
Ans: 1828 A.D. [47th BPSC, 2005]
22. In which year did Swami Vivekananda participate in the World Parliament of Religions at Chicago?
Ans: 1893
23. When did the Akali Movement start?
Ans: 1921. [WB PSC (P), 2007]
24. Which reform movement was the first to be started in the 19th century?
Ans: Brahmo Samaj . [SSC Sec. Off (Aud), 2007]
25. Which religious reformer of Western India was popularly known as "Lokhitwadi"?
Ans: Gopal Hari Deshmukh. [NDA, 2005; SSC Tax Assistant]
26. The 19th century renaissance in India was confined to the —
Ans: Upper middle class. [CPO, 1999]
27. During the colonial period of India, the Asiatic Society of Bengal was founded for carrying on researches into the past history and antiquities of India. Who founded it?
Ans: William Jones. [NDA, 2003]
28. The original name of Swami Dayananda Saraswati was —
Ans: Mula Shankar. [CPO SI, 2003]
29. Sati was declared illegal and punishable by the Regulation XVII during the Governor Generalship of —
Ans: Lord William Bentinck. [NDA, 2009]
30. The persons who are associated with the institutions are written below —
Ans:
|
Institution |
Associated Person |
|
1) Atmiya Sabha |
Raja Ram Mohan Roy |
|
2) Sanskrit College |
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar |
|
3) National Council of Education |
Aurobindo Ghosh |
|
4) Adi Brahmo Samaj |
Debendranath Tagore |
31. Society and their founders are written below:
Ans:
|
Society |
Founder |
|
i) Theosophical Society |
Annie Besant |
|
ii) London Indian Society |
Dadabhai Naoroji |
|
iii) Servants of India Society |
Gopal Krishna Gokhale |
|
iv) Servants of People Society |
Lala Lajpat Rai |
32. The personalities who are involved in the movements are written below:
Ans:
|
Movements |
Personality |
|
i) Satya Shodhak Mandal |
Jyotiba Phule |
|
ii) Manav Dharma Sabha |
Mehtaji Durgaram Manchharam |
|
iii) Darpan |
Bal Shastri Jambhekar |
|
iv) Young Bengal Movement |
Henry Vivian Derozio |
33. Who co-operated with Raja Ram Mohan Roy in the implementation of his educational programmes?
Ans: David Hare. [CDS, 2008]
34. Kuka Movement was originated by —
Ans: Guru Ram Singh. [45th BPSC, 2002]
35. “Satyartha Prakash” was written by –
Ans – Swami Dayanand Saraswati. [UP PCS (P), 2005]
36. The leading light of the renaissance movement in India was –
Ans – Raja Ram Mohan Roy. [UP PCS (M), 2005]
37.Who said "Good Government is no substitute for self Government"?
Ans – Swami Dayanand. [Utt.PSC(P),2005]
38.Who had vigorously advocated for religious education in the Indian University?
Ans – Swami Vivekananda. [UP PCS (P), 2005]
39. Who pioneered the social and religious movement of the 19th century in India?
Ans – Raja Ram Mohan Roy. [Utt.PSC(P),2005]
40. Who is known as “Martin Luther of India”?
Ans – Swami Dayanand Saraswati. [UP PCS (M), 2005]
41. From which area the social and religious reform movements started?
Ans – Bengal. [Utt.PSC(P),2005]
42. Lord Macaulay is associated with -
Ans – English Education. [UP PCS (P), 2007]
43.Which Mughal King had sent Raja Ram Mohan Roy as his envoy to London?
Ans – Akbar II. [MP PCS (P), 2009]
44. Which Governor General had abolished slavery?
Ans – Lord Ellenborough. [UP PCS Special (P), 2008]
45. Which was common among Brahmo Samaj, Ram Krishna Mission and Arya Samaj?
Ans – None of these three had a political mission, but they helped to develop a spirit of patriotism. [RAS/RTS, 2002]
46. Who was the inspirator behind the Young Bengal Movement?
Ans – Henry Vivian Derozio. [WB PSC (P), 2007]
47. Who was Titu Mir?
Ans – Leader of Farazi Movement. [WB PSC (P), 2008]
48. Who started the newspaper "Shome Prakash"?
Ans – Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar. [UPSC, 2007]
49. Who is known as the "Father of Modern India"?
Ans – Raja Ram Mohan Roy. [WB PSC (P), 2008]
50. In collaboration with David Hare and Alexander Duff, who established Hindu College at Calcutta?
Ans – Raja Ram Mohan Roy. [UPSC, 2009]
51. Who initiated regeneration of Indian Muslims in the 19th Century?
Ans – Syed Ahmed Khan. [WB PSC (P), 2008]
52. Who was a proponent of Fabianism as a movement?
Ans – Annie Besant. [UPSC, 2005]
53. Who wrote the book “Bahuvivah”?
Ans – Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar [UPSC, 2007]
54. During Indian freedom struggle, the National Social Conference was formed. What was the reason for its formation?
Ans – Indian National Congress did not want to include social reforms in its deliberations and decided to form a separate body for such purpose.
55. Who was the first graduate of the Calcutta University?
Ans – Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
56. When Vernacular Press Act was repealed?
Ans – Vernacular Press Act was repealed in 1882 by Lord Ripon.
57. Brahmo Samaj mainly insisted upon –
Ans –
i) Monotheism
ii) It opposed idolatry
iii) It denied the need for a priestly class for interpreting the religious texts
58. Which nationalist worked in England to mobilize public opinion in favour of the Indian National Movement?
Ans – Dadabhai Naoroji. [Central Excise, 1994]
59. Sir Charles Wood’s Despatch of 1854 dealt primarily with –
Ans – Educational reforms. [Investigator’s Exam, 1990